Le futur et le conditionnel

Les notions à connaître

Will + V

Prédiction, décision spontanée, promesse. Ex : I'll help you. (Je vais t'aider [décision immédiate].)

Be going to + V

Intention préalable ou prédiction basée sur un indice visible. Ex : Look at those clouds — it's going to rain. (Regarde ces nuages — il va pleuvoir.)

Present continuous (futur planifié)

Arrangement déjà fixé. Ex : I'm meeting Tom at 5. (Je vois Tom à 17h [c'est prévu].)

Would + V

Conditionnel présent. Ex : I would travel more if I had money. (Je voyagerais plus si j'avais de l'argent.)

Zero conditional

Vérité générale : If + present simple, present simple. Ex : If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.

First conditional

Hypothèse probable (futur) : If + present simple, will + V. Ex : If it rains, I will stay home.

Second conditional

Hypothèse irréelle (présent) : If + past simple, would + V. Ex : If I were rich, I would buy a castle.

Third conditional

Hypothèse irréelle (passé, regret) : If + past perfect, would have + past participle. Ex : If I had studied harder, I would have passed.

Les erreurs à éviter en anglais

• ✗ If I will pass the exam, I will celebrate.

  ✓ If I pass the exam, I will celebrate. (Pas de 'will' après 'if' dans le 1 st conditional.)

• ✗ If I would be rich, I would travel.

  ✓ If I were rich, I would travel. (2 nd conditional : past simple dans la if-clause, pas 'would'.)

• ✗ I will going to the cinema tonight.

  ✓ I'm going to the cinema tonight. (On ne mélange pas 'will' et 'going to'. Choisis l'un ou l'autre.)

• ✗ If I had knew, I would have helped.

  ✓ If I had known, I would have helped. (Après 'had', c'est le past participle : known, pas knew.)

• ✗ When I will arrive, I will call you.

  ✓ When I arrive, I will call you. (Pas de futur dans la subordonnée de temps aprè$s when/as$ soon $as/before/$after.)

Sais-tu répondre à ces questions ?

Les corrigés détaillés sont dans le quiz du chapitre.

1. Complete: "I think it ___ tomorrow."
2. Complete: "Look at those clouds! It ___."
3. Complete: "The train ___ at 6 pm." (horaire officiel)
4. Complete: "If it rains tomorrow, I ___ at home."
5. Complete: "If I ___ rich, I would travel the world."